Suspension
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Resists differences in left-right suspension movement.
Across an axle, connected by mounts and end links.
Twisting the bar adds roll resistance while still allowing the wheels to move.
A torsion spring linking the two sides of an axle.
Knocks often come from links or mounts; altered balance may have several causes.
Wear is condition-based and strongly affected by roads, loads, impacts and seals. There is no universal replacement mileage.
Links and bushings are smaller repairs than complete adaptive struts or air-spring systems; alignment may be needed after work.
Some BMW chassis use active roll-control systems instead of relying only on passive bars.
BMW passenger cars and SAVs; spring, damper and axle design depend on chassis and options.
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